Miocene Fossil Grasses: Possible Adaptation in Reproductive Bracts (Lemma and Palea)
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
4 Fossil Record of Miocene Hominoids
Hominoids, or taxa identified as hominoids, are known from much of Africa, Asia, and Europe since the Late Oligocene. The earliest taxa, fromAfrica, resemble extant hominoids but share with them mainly primitive characters. Middle and Late Miocene taxa are clearly hominoids, and by the end of the Middle Miocene most can be attributed to either the pongine (Pongo) or hominine (African ape and hu...
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expressed in the lemma/palea would provide molecular clues to the functions of these organs. The lemma and palea (lemma/palea) of cereals are photosynthetic Loss-of-function studies and cloning of floral homeoorgans that supply the developing kernel with carbon and nitrogen. tic genes suggest that the lemma/palea of grasses are Because of their rigid structure, the lemma/palea can also protect ...
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In contrast to eudicot flowers which typically exhibit sepals and petals at their periphery, the flowers of grasses are distinguished by the presence of characteristic outer organs. In place of sepals, grasses have evolved the lemma and the palea, two bract-like structures that partially or fully enclose the inner reproductive organs. With little morphological similarities to sepals, whether th...
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Specification of floral organ identity is critical for the establishment of floral morphology and inflorescence architecture. Although multiple genes are involved in the regulation of floral organogenesis, our understanding of the underlying regulating network is still fragmentary. MADs-box genes are principle members in the ABCDE model that characterized floral organs. OsMADS1 specifies the de...
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Cleistogamy is more common in grasses than in any other angiosperm family. Both self-fertilized cleistogamous (CL) spikelets and open-pollinated chasmogamous (CH) spikelets are typically produced. Relative allocation to CL and CH varies among species and populations, and is influenced by ontogeny and environment. The balance between reproductive modes can be expressed as a CH/CL ratio. This rat...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
سال: 1985
ISSN: 0026-6493
DOI: 10.2307/2399226